Philosophy

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 37 to 39

3/14/2025

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Force of the winds is working in a vehicle like the aero plane etc. which is without any horse and is very good or useful.
Those men who, like the winds, with liquid thrusts of motion in smooth, refined, chiselled and lubricated language and style, express themselves and their ideas, rise with their own brilliance like the rays of the sun.
If there were no gases, none could do anything. The words that are spoken from a distant place, can be heard with the help of the air as if they were spoken close by. Without the movement of the air, none can speak or hear anything. Whatever mighty acts are done by the heroes in the battle etc. are all done with the association of the air. Without air, one cannot even twinkle the eye. Therefore, everyone should always investigate the properties of the air.
Learned persons after studying the Vedas and knowing the attributes of the air should give happiness to all beings by doing glorious mighty deeds.
Men should always develop the power of the air that exists in their bodies. All knowledge about the sap etc. is acquired with the help of the air. Therefore, all should teach one another, so that all may know the attributes of the air.
O learned persons, shakers of all ignorance, you will shake your enemies to their very end, like the winds that are shakers of heaven and earth, who will not become advanced in knowledge and wisdom among you.
All your dealings are organized and ordained by the proper system of administration. When you go astray from your appointed right path, the President of the Assembly who is powerful like the wind gives you severe punishment. You should treat him as your father.
As an old King trembles on account of some terrible disease or the fear of his enemies; in the same way, this earth upheld from all sides by the air moves in its axis and the same is the case with other worlds. Without this thread-like enveloping air, no world can exist and move.
You should properly use the winds which are born out of the sky and which go here and there. They have their movement in all places where there is recess. All living beings get their strength from them.
The king and the subjects should know that just as, these airs are used for the movement of speech and water and making them listen good words for coming and going, birth, growth and destruction, similarly, the ritual of auspicious and inauspicious deeds is the cause of happiness and sorrow.
As the Monsoon winds carry up much water that causes the production of the cloud, generate lightning by mutual rubbing and make to fall down the long, vast, un-wetting rain retaining cloud, in the same way, they should cause the fall of all unrighteous dealings.
The Officers of the State like the Commanders of the armies should prompt the people to perform their works industriously and justly, as the winds move the clouds.
As these winds pass along here and there, artists and scientists give instructions on the path of (or for acquiring knowledge) knowledge and converse with one another about them. The knowledge of this science of sound is gained by a few and not by all.
It is the duty of the learned rulers and their subjects to accomplish their works by manufacturing vehicles for speedy motion. They should take pleasure in serving righteous persons and in giving suitable punishment to the wicked people.
As persons who are well-versed in the science of Prana and practisers of Yoga; eating what is conducive to health enjoy blissfully the full span of life, others also should learn this science from them and enjoy full life.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 38

As a father holds his son by both his hands, gives him proper education, brings him up suitably, urges upon him to do noble deeds, and enjoys happiness, in the same manner, those persons who like the air that upholds the worlds, take up Yajnas with knowledge and perform them properly become happy.
As the rays of the Sun illuminate all objects of the world, in the same manner, you should also approach learned people and ask them the proper utilization of the air and then enlighten others about it.
O men going quickly like the air to perform noble deeds, you should approach learned persons and ask them to enlighten you about the acts which enable us to fulfil our noble desires and should endeavor to do the same.
The officers the State and their subjects should also give up indolence and be engaged in discharging their duties like the winds that go on incessantly, so that their protector, the President of the Assembly or the council of Ministers, may not be killed by the enemies of the State.
As the deer becomes happy after eating grass to their fill, in the same manner, the knower of the science of Prana taking proper food and leading a regular life, does not fall in the Jaws of death soon.
The movement of the winds is of two kinds; one that is pleasant and giver of happiness, the second that causes misery and diseases. The former is that which is observed and used regularly thereby destroying diseases and promoting health and happiness for the body and the mind etc. The second is that which is used without the observance of any rules, with negligence and thus causing various terrible diseases and awful misery.
Men should perform all righteous deeds with proper use of winds that are in the firmament, causing rains and possessing some true characteristics. When suitably used, they give happiness, but when used improperly, they become adverse and cause misery, therefore men should perform all righteous acts methodically.
As the mother cows loving and desiring their calves, loudly bellow and run towards them, in the same way, the lightning goes to the clouds, making a great sound.
Learned people should tell all others that it is the winds that solidify the particles of the water and converting them into the cloud, create darkness even in day time and then generating the lightning and dissolving the clouds make them to fall down on earth and wetting it, they produce herbs and corns etc.
All movement of things and beings is on account of the association of the winds. Living beings tremble out of fear from the fierce stumbling on the lightning and the earth rotates every moment.
Yogis should make proper use of wind power for gaining strength through the practice of Yoga- Pranayama etc. and other persons engaged in worldly occupations should also utilize them properly.
O men, you should manufacture many kinds of vehicles endowed with various machines, use fire and water etc. and with their combination and that of the gases you should be able to move quickly everywhere, should get victory over your enemies and accomplish all works.
O learned men, as a dear friend pleases a loving friend who is a preacher of the Vedas and full of splendor by service and praise of his virtues in the same way, you should teach well the science of the manufacture of the aero planes and other vehicles with the Vedic speech for the knowledge of their properties.
O men taught by the learned, you must make your speech refined by the study of the Vedas with labour and thus becoming the masters of the speech, should listen to the attributes of God and air etc. and should teach about them to others.
Human beings should give happiness through learning and their efforts, just as the wind gives happiness by being the means of accomplishing tasks.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 39

Those learned persons who desire happiness, should accurately know the properties of the air from God, the giver of all Delight (as given in the Vedas) and lucky great scholars or scientists, and then should enjoy happiness.
Righteous persons receive the Grace of God and victory. God also blesses only righteous persons and not others. These righteous persons should manufacture powerful arms, should practice their use well, train their army, defeat, capture or kill (as the case and necessity may be) their unrighteous wicked foes and protect their subjects justly.
As strong winds shatter trees and other things and sustain earth, in the same manner, righteous dispensers of justice, should demolish unrighteous conduct and preserve the people with righteous justice.
As the airs have no enemies and are liked by all, in the same way, people should be endowed with knowledge, righteousness, strength and force and justice, so that they may rule over all with justice, may destroy their opponents and should become so popular as to have no enemy at all.
As loyal learned persons, keep under their control intoxicated robbers and thieves, and preserve and support righteous people, you should also do like them.
If men properly use water, fire and air in the vehicles and thereby travel from one place to another, they can easily go and come everywhere.

As wise men enjoy happiness by casting aside all fear by the proper combination of the air, water and fire etc. so we should also do.
Men should extend happiness which brings about welfare to all, by making them refrain from evil selfish enemies who have no idea of doing good to others, but on the contrary who give them trouble, by imparting them good knowledge and education or conquering them in battles with the help of army and power.
As Monsoon winds, sun and lightning cause the production of fruits and flowers by means of the rains for the happiness of all, in the same manner, learned persons should make all people happy by giving them Vedic knowledge.

As righteous brave people when full of indignation conquer their enemies with powerful weapons and gladden their subjects (people) having attained resistless Government, in the same manner, all persons should conquer with all their might (spiritual as well as physical when necessary), those who are haters of the true knowledge (Vedas) God and Vedic Scholars and should thus make their state full of the light of God and the true Vedic knowledge.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 36

3/7/2025

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With Vedic hymns and holy eulogies, we earnestly request the Supreme Leader and Lord of all His devoted subjects who desire to lead divine lives, whom other benevolent, wise and righteous persons also inflame in their hearts for the fulfilment of noble desires.
Men should remain contented with the Communion with or contemplation upon One God only. Wise learned persons never accept anything else as Adorable in the place of God, therefore they cannot be defeated. Thus, those who are atheists can never overcome them.
All men cause oblations to reach the heavens, attaining happiness thereby and as the flames or splendors of this electricity and the famous material fire go upwards.
None can achieve, preserve and develop or prosper the State without the brave messengers who are well-versed in all Shastras, the best among the knowers of Political Science and History, righteous and clever. Therefore, all should act as stated in these Mantras.
It is only the members of the Assemblies along with good ambassadors and messengers who can preserve the State and none else.
As learned persons give happiness to the people of the world by putting pure oblation in the sacrificial fire, in the same. manner, the officers and workers of the State should put in prison wicked unrighteous persons and give delight to righteous persons.
None can overcome his enemies without the members of the Assembly and servants of the State, who are devoted to the liberal President of the Assembly or the council of ministers) having attained Swarajya.
As lightning, fire and sun, cut into pieces the cloud and causing rain fill all worlds with water that gives happiness to all, in the same manner, the subjects should be gladdened by the President of the Assembly and other workers of the State by destroying enemies like the thorns.
Highly intelligent officers and workers of the state should be full of splendour like the fire and endowed with great virtues. They should create pure and graceful forms, knowing the real nature of the divine virtues and of the earth and other elements and shining on account of their wisdom.
The man whom all learned and other righteous persons. appoint as the ruler of the State, because he is thoughtful, the bringer of all articles that are worth-taking, endowed with noble virtues, possessing the wealth of wisdom and gold etc, who is good mannered and civilized, should protect and preserve all people like their father.
The President of the Assembly and other persons of the State should properly utilize the fire which is kindled by the priests and other learned men for the homa that is meant to purify the air and the rain and whose glows or lusters go upwards, whose properties are mentioned in the Vedic Mantras, for the accomplishment of the work of arts and industries that is helpful for administrative purposes.
The President of the Assembly and other persons of the State should have friendship with the scholars of the Vedas and other highly learned persons. They should fill up continuously the stores of food and wealth and should be able to wage war against thieves and robbers. Thus, they should give much happiness to the people.
A President of the Assembly should be full of splendor like the Sun. He should overcome all unrighteous and wicked enemies by waging war against them and should take his seat on a high pedestal along with the learned priests for the protection of all beings.
The President of the Assembly who is exalted on account of noble virtues and good temperament should keep all men away from sin with the fear, of the punishment for the transgression of the laws of the State. He should burn away all wicked foes, should keep with enlightened persons and make all endowed with noble virtues for the growth of knowledge, happiness and life.

Men should pray for protection to the kind-hearted President of the Assembly who desires the growth of righteousness and is the protector of all from all sides. Men should also keep themselves away from persons of wicked nature and all sins, in body, word and mind. Without doing so, none can remain ever happy.
The Commander of an army and others should smite down the limbs of their enemies as artisans break the stones etc. They should then be engaged day and night in preserving their own subjects, so that enemies may not be able to give them trouble.
As this material fire when properly utilized by the learned, gives them strength and prosperity and protects an expert artist and his friends; in the same manner, the President of the Assembly, when requested by the men of army and others gives them strength and encouragement and wealth should preserve experts in the science of war and their friends.
All righteous persons should challenge for fight, in co-operation with the President of the Assembly those un-righteous people who take a way unjustly others' articles, who are crooked and desire their victory. They should demolish their houses built on the mountains or in the forests and they should put them into prisons.
By the divine grace of the worshippers, by involving the officials of the state for the protection of the subjects, with the fame of true conduct to all men, giving joy to the righteous and chastising the wicked and making wise men imbibe knowledge.
The members of the council, the princes and the subjects should destroy the evil-doing creatures, just as the fire etc. consume the forest etc. The subjects should be protected continuously by such virtuous souls.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 35

3/1/2025

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Men should day and night utilize properly the fire air and sun and then attain happiness. Without this, none can enjoy happiness.
As the earth and other worlds uphold men and other creatures, in the same way, the solar world upholds the earth and other spheres by its attracting power or gravitation. God upholds the sun and other worlds by His power. In this way, all worlds are upheld in proper order. Without this, it is not possible for any world with weight and velocity to stay in its axis. Without the rotation of the worlds, it is not possible to have the parts of time like the seconds, hours, days and nights, fortnights, months, seasons and years etc.
As in this universe, created by God, the air moving upward and downward, brings below those things that are above and takes upwards them that are below and as the sun with his rays dispels all darkness, sometimes casts aside miseries and manifests happiness and at other times drives away happiness and manifests distress, in the same way, the President of the Assembly and others with their armies should move here and there and having conquered their enemies, should safeguard the interests of the people.
As there is the mighty air which is the cause of the sun and other objects and upholder of the solar and other worlds, having the power of gravitation and as there is the sun sustaining all worlds and manifesting all forms with his power and attraction and without them (the air and the sun) not even an atom can be sustained, so a king should maintain kingdom being full of the wealth of virtues.
All these are the attributes of the solar world like the light and attraction which uphold the world and properly manifest all objects. The worlds that are near the sun, are illumined by the light of the sun and the air also sustains the people. On account of this, all worlds remain in their axis. So, you should bear all noble virtues and establish justice, maintaining proper order.
All works are accomplished with the help of three luminaries the sun, fire and electricity born of Agni in the subtle form. When the souls depart from the bodies they go to Yama-it is said. What is that Yama is the question. The answer is that by Yama is meant here the Vayu or air in the firmament. As there are soldiers and servants as a part of the army, in the same manner, all living beings and the dead are dependent upon the air. The earth, moon. stars and other worlds depend upon the light of the sun.
When this earth while rotating around the Sun, covers the light of the sun and creates darkness, then learned persons ask where has the sun gone? The question should be properly answered that he is on the back of the earth. His rotation at his own axis is very subtle, therefore ordinary people cannot know it. Such are also the thoughts of the wise, which all cannot understand.
This Solar world illuminating all objects, disintegrating particles, taking them to the firmament through the air and bringing them down brings about charming happiness to all souls. It upholds or sustains the waters on the earth and up to about 50 miles in the firmament in gross subtle, light or heavy forms known technically as Sapta Sindhus. In the same manner, learned persons should maintain all with knowledge and righteousness and should make them happy and blissful.
As sun is related with many worlds on account of his gravitation, illumines all objects and enables all to distinguish between light and darkness, you should also be like him, spreading the light of knowledge and dispelling all darkness of ignorance.
As air keeps all objects in proper order on account of its attraction and force and as thieves cannot be so powerful in daytime (out of fear) so you should also be. God who has created useful articles like the air, should always be thanked by all.

You, who has created pure paths in the sky or your glorious world for the movement of the Sun and other worlds, in which the Sun-like worlds move according to the rules and all living beings move, preach the paths and qualities of all those things so that we can live here and there.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 34

2/21/2025

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Men should use various machines in proper order and coordination like the day and the night. We should manufacture vehicles which may travel on earth, in oceans and the sky by making various machines, pegs and wedges etc. and moving them with the combination of the water, air and other elements. Without this science, it is not possible for anyone to eradicate poverty and attain prosperity.
Those persons who desire to travel on the earth, the ocean and the firmament, should construct aero planes and other vehicles with three sets of wheels and supports. Sitting in such cars, they can travel by the route of the earth, the ocean and the firmament thrice in a day and a night. The pillars or supports should be of such a nature that all parts of the machines and the parts of the pillars made of wood and iron may have their proper place. These cars or vehicles should be moved None can travel on with the proper use of the fire and water. the earth, the ocean and the middle regions, without such vehicles. Therefore, special efforts should be made for the construction of such cars.
Learned artisans and conductors of vehicles with machines should manufacture various conveyances artistically for the happiness and pleasure of the body, mind and soul. They should earn money and make all beings happy, so that everyone may learn this science and make progress in it day and night industriously, giving up indolence and endeavor to preserve it with zeal.
It is the duty of the persons well-versed in various arts, to make those intelligent men who desire to acquire the knowledge of these arts, to give proper theoretical and practical training and thereby enable them to accomplish many works by acquiring the knowledge of these arts, with dexterity and Labor.
Men should always enjoy happiness by accomplishing the works of arts with the help of the ashvinau (fire and water), ´ developing their intellects, food and prosperity and travelling to distant places in the vehicles manufactured by expert artisans.
Men should take for health, medicines which are in the water or on the earth, which destroy diseases. They should manufacture conveyances like the home of iron, copper and brass etc. store their barley and other corns, should burn fire, place water and by their combination should make them to move fast, going to distant places for business and work and coming back soon. In this way, they can enjoy much happiness.
Those who desire worldly happiness, should construct vehicles with parts of the earth and other elements and mechanical devices and by the proper use and combination of the water and fire should go soon to distant countries, as the soul soon goes to another body by the path of the firmament after death. None can enjoy worldly happiness without this act.
Men should know that it is on account of the disintegrating, gravitative and rain-producing properties of the air and the sun, that the rivers flow. The oblation that is put in the fire, removes all bad smell and other impurities and causes happiness to all which is free from all misery and beneficial so that happiness and health grow day by day. Without it, none can live happily. Therefore, men should perform this Yajna everyday with the object of purifying the air and water.
The persons who long for prosperity should fasten three things or have three seats in the beginning, middle and end of the vehicles. (1) A seat for men. (2) Second place for keeping the fire. (3) Third place for keeping water. Whenever there is desire to go out on tour, fuel etc. should be properly put to feed the fire, which should be burnt with the aid of the air produced by machines and with the force of the steam. In this way, men can go to distant places as if they are close by. Without such conveyances or chariots (aero plane being one of them) no one can travel to distant places safely.
When fire and water are put in proper proportion and duly combined in the vehicles, they take us soon to distant places. There should be such a place for the exit of the steam, that the speed may be accelerated. He can enjoy happiness well who knows this science.
When men travel in nice vehicles, they can comfortably go to the other end of the great ocean in three days and nights and go round the world in eleven days and nights. Doing this, attaining full age, casting aside all their miseries, conquering their enemies, they are entitled to enjoy the happiness of vast government.

No one can traverse by the paths of the earth, water and firmament without the car or vehicle prepared and yoked by expert learned artisans. Therefore, men should attain prosperity of good Government, good army and brave persons and should get victory in battles using such wonderful vehicles. So men should pay attention to this important matter also.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 33

2/14/2025

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Men should increase the power of their body and soul by obeying the commands of and the communion with that God who causes the growth of our real wealth by dispelling our darkness and augmenting our knowledge. Without His aid, none can attain the fruit of Dharma (righteousness) wealth, fulfilment of noble desires and emancipation).
As a hawk reaches its cherished pleasant nest from other places quickly, in the same manner, men should adore God bowing before Him and verifying His glory through the illustration of the solar worlds and other wonderful things. All the created substances in the world ensure the presence of the Creator. Nothing can be created without a creator. As in this world, nothing can be made unless there is a maker, in the same way, we should know about the creation made by God.
As a trader arranges to graze and feed his cattle properly and with their milk, his purpose is accomplished well, as the rays of the grand solar world created by God penetrate all the objects of the world like arrows and with the help of the air make them move upward and downward, making them full of sap and gladden all, in the same manner, a king should protect and preserve his subjects.
As God is without any enemies or as the sun overcomes all clouds that cover his light, so men should also destroy all thieves and plunderers, protect righteous wealthy persons and should become so popular as to be without any enemies.
As the sun gives happiness to all beings by upholding the day, the earth and other worlds and the light, in the same manner, you should establish true Government and make people happy by upholding all good virtues, by giving up all vices, by duly, punishing the un-righteous persons and by raining wisdom and good education and preaching righteousness day and night.
Those men who accept as their commander-in-chief a person who is endowed with physical and spiritual power and who is a righteous hero and make their army ideally powerful and the best, when they begin to fight with un-righteous enemies, their foes fly before them.
Men should do various acts in connection with a war. The first is to please and feed properly the soldiers of one's own army and the second to diminish the force and zeal of the un-righteous foes. As the sun gives light to all and dispels all darkness, in the same way, a person should manifest all noble virtues and eliminate all evils and defects.
As God has endowed the Sun with light, attraction and gravitation etc., He has enjoined upon all to appoint only such persons for ruling as are endowed with knowledge, Dharma (righteousness) justice and brave army etc. It is only they that can rule over men on account of their extra-ordinary ability.
As the solar world illuminates the earth and other worlds and upholds them by its power of gravitation, dispelling the darkness of the clouds and the night, in the same manner, O men, you should enjoy the happiness of vast and good Government with the help of the Vedas, and the highly educated persons removing the ignorance of the foolish and teaching good lessons to your opponents.
Men should righteously enjoy the happiness of good Government by acting like the sun bearing splendour and light (of wisdom) dispelling the darkness of injustice done by the enemies of the State. There cannot be any stability in the rule of deceitful and cunning people. Therefore, highly educated persons should be prepared to administer the state, being themselves free from deception, but at the same time, removing or displacing the cunningness used by their opponents.
As the rain produced by the lightning after the destruction of the Vritra (cloud) causes to grow the barley and other articles of food and the water of the rivers, tanks and oceans, in the same manner, men should rain down or shower all noble virtues on all sides, give happiness to the people, slay their enemies, illuminate or manifest knowledge and other virtues and should always follow Dharma or righteousness.
As the lightning gladdens all by striking the clouds and producing water, in the same manner, men should constantly shower or rain down all happiness on people, by teaching wicked persons or punishing them properly and by overcoming enemies by severe punishment and use of powerful weapons.
As the lightning with its sharp impetus strikes down the solid cloud and. its parts and makes it fall down on earth, in the same manner, the President of the assembly or the Chief Commander of the army should destroy his enemy with the power of his intellect and body, should cause him to fall down on the ground and if he is alive, should bring him to his side.
As the Sun gives happiness to all beings by causing the fall of the cloud with his rays, in the same manner O Commander of the army, you should also constantly protect and preserve all subjects by subduing all enemies by the use of the army, military education and arms.

As the sun gives happiness to all beings by causing the fall of the water of the cloud from the firmament, in the same manner, the commander of the army and other persons should constantly enjoy happiness by captivating and imprisoning wicked enemies and protecting the righteous people.

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February 07th, 2025

2/7/2025

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 32

We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Highlights –
Everyone should discharge their duties in the same manner as the Sun does. Sun, without stopping does his duties of providing heat, light, rain etc. to the earth and make the life to survive. Similarly, the persons in power should protect the righteous people under their protection and to destroy enemies.

The hymn wise, purported explanations –

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 32

As the sun created by God does all his natural works like giving heat, light, attraction, raining, burning etc. day and night, in the same way, all officers and workers of the state should discharge their duties properly, being engaged day and night in protecting and preserving their subjects.
As the Sun gives new life to all beings by striking down the cloud in the firmament and bringing it down on the earth, in the same manner, the Commander of the army should strike down wicked enemies who take shelter in the mountains or the forts and thereby should gladden the people constantly.
Just as taurus becomes strong by increasing vigour and becomes happy, in the same way the commander should become strong after drinking milk et cetera.
As a man having destroyed the force and the deceit of his enemy and having conquered him, manifests happiness and the light of justice in his kingdom or self-government, in the same manner, the sun destroys the solid cover on light caused by the cloud by expanding his rays, dispels darkness and manifests his own splendour.
Just as, someone pierces the body parts of an enemy with a sharp weapon and drops them into the ground and that dead enemy sleeps on the earth, in the same way, this Sun and lightning pierce the parts of the cloud and drop it into the ground and it looks like a dead sleeping in the ground.
As the cloud fights with the sun giving light to the world and covers him for the time being, but cannot stand before the powerful sun for a long time; when destroyed by the sun, it falls down on the earth, then by the water which is a part of its body, the rivers are filled and they flow towards the sea; so should a king or a Commander of the army destroy his enemies with his might, so that they may never raise their heads.
Like a weak man is engaged to fight against a powerful. As in the end [that cloud] falls on the earth after being shattered and defeated by the Sun, so is the condition of that man also, who is engaged to fight with the righteous king.
The water that goes to the sky with air, disintegrated by the Sun, becomes cloud. When the tanks and rivers become full of water, the cloud covers the light of the sun. When the sun, smites it into pieces with his rays, then it enters the banks, big rivers or the sea and sleeps there (so to say). It may be said that it is trampled under the feet of men. In the same manner, an un-righteous person goes to ruin, having grown much for some time.
When through rain, the cloud comes down to the earth, then its mother (earth) seems to be sleeping with it. The sun is the father of the cloud, being its generator. The earth and the sky are like two wives of the Sun. When the Sun draws the water and throws it through the air in the firmament, then his son cloud grows like a mad man. Then the sun smites it down and causes it to fall down on the earth. Thus, the cloud sometimes goes up and again comes down on the earth. In' the same manner, the King and other officers of the state should throw away the thorns of the people (wicked people) hither and thither and should safe-guard the interests of their subjects. They should protect and preserve them well.
It is the duty of the President of the Assembly, to minimize the force of the mighty enemies and keep them under his subjection. As the cloud is not visible when it is lying among the waters of the sky in subtle form, but then through rain it takes a concrete form as a mass of waters, it becomes visible. But these waters which never stop for a moment, but always go up and down below and which form the body of the Vritra (Cloud) are not seen in the firmament, as they are very subtle, similarly the mighty foes should be overcome by making their power less and less day by day.
As a cowherd keeps his cows confined for some time in a suitable place and sets them free by opening the door of the cowshed, as by Vritra ( cloud) the waters are kept under control (so to speak ) by imprisoning them in a way, as the Sun destroys the cloud and sets free the imprisoned waters by opening their door, in the same way, the officers of the state should captivate and keep under subjugation their un-righteous enemies and should constantly guard and preserve their subjects.
As when the cloud covers the light of the Sun, the latter strikes it with his rays and causes it to fall down on earth in the form of the rain. He (Sun) is therefore the cause of the seas which store the mass of waters that come and go. In the same manner, a king who is the protector of his subjects should subdue his foes, should smite them with his weapons and thus by humbling them, he becomes the instrument in their treading upon the path of righteousness.
The heroes of a state should get victory over their enemies. As a frightened or alarmed hawk when attacked by someone, goes hither and thither, in the same manner, the cloud destroyed by the sun falls down here and there. By its waters which are like its body, it fills up many streams in the world. There is no cause for the existence of the cloud except the Sun. As fear enters the heart of some weak beings in dark, in the same way, the lightning and thunder of the cloud cause fear and their remover or dispeller also is the Sun. He (sun) is the cause of the dealings of all worlds on account of his light and attraction etc. Bearing all this in mind, heroes should behave like the Sun.
The servants of the kingdom, as a wounded bird with fear flies away from here and there, so the cloud, which is torn apart here and there by the Sun, falls here and there, in the midst of the world with the water of his body. It upgrades many rivers and streams.

Like a king keeps the wheel of a chariot on its axles, like this Sun shining in the midst of a peaceful and turbulent world, moves in its orbit holding all the worlds. Without this, it is not possible to have the concept of a near embodied world, the attraction of light and rain of clouds, etc., in the same way protect the state with righteousness.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 31

1/31/2025

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We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Highlights -
Sukta 31 prescribes the duties of the king or heads. They should always preserve and guard all lawful people. As a father protects, maintains, educates and gives necessary wealth to his children, in the same manner, a king should protect all his subjects and by proper and just distribution of wealth, according to their actions should reward and punish the people under him.
God establishes those persons in Dharma (righteousness) who want to give up un-righteousness and observe the rules of righteousness and protects those who want to wage righteous war and acquire wealth with righteous means. The previous & present birth, the knowledge and the association of Acharya (preceptor) constitute one’s birth. When men sincerely desire to get the true path, then God creates in them love and desire to know the Truth from the association with noble persons.
Those people of benevolent nature who being industrious are engaged in making others happy and performing Yajnas, are like the sun which gives happiness to all by its light.

The hymn wise, purported explanations –

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 31

Those who do not do anything except obeying the Commands of God, discharging their duties and associating with the learned persons acquire friendship with God. As a result of that friendship, there is light of wisdom in their souls. Then being enlightened and engaging themselves in doing noble deeds, they become illustrious by leading all beings to happiness.
God adorns (or ordains) the laws of all worlds through the Vedas and a wise man does the same through the teachings of the Vedas to men and by keeping them in just laws. God who has created this world consisting of shining things like the sun and not shining like the earth is all-pervading. It is only those who can reveal the science of God and His creation can become enlightened. None can create this world except the omnipresent God and none can reveal this science to others except a highly learned and wise person.
It is the Agni (fire) in the subtlest causal form that takes the form of the sun and dispels darkness and thus upholds the earth and the shining worlds. Being the cause of the Yajna and industries, when used methodically in the machines, it moves the heavy vehicles rapidly.
The attainment of God Who has created the sun and other objects of the world and of the wise men who impart true knowledge is possible only through meritorious acts. Good wealth in the form of Vast good Government can also be got only through noble deeds.
Men should know well God who is the First cause of the Universe and the properties of the articles that are put in the fire. After knowing them, if they put in the fire substances that purify the air, rain and water, they enjoy much happiness in this world along with others.
This is the nature of God that He establishes those persons in Dharma (righteousness) who want to give up un-righteousness and observe the rules of righteousness and protecting those who want to wage righteous war (to remedy injustice and tyranny etc.) and acquire wealth with righteous means. He gives them wealth also according to their actions. He punishes those persons who are unrighteous by giving them the fruit of their actions. He gives victory to those righteous persons even with limited resources, who obey His commands and commence a righteous war and not to others.
For the enlightened righteous persons who attain emancipation, God is the only Support. The birth that is past, the further, the present and got from the association of the knowledge and the Acharya (preceptor) that is the fourth. All these four constitute one birth. By second birth in this context is meant the birth in human form that is got after enjoying the bliss of emancipation for a very long period. All souls endeavour for the birth of these two kinds. This order is maintained by God alone.
Men should pray in the following manner: - O God, create among us such noble learned persons who are the knowers of all arts and sciences that lead to good wealth, so that we may be able to establish an admirable administration on earth by undertaking new enterprises and taking benefit from all substances.
God should be prayed thus- Whenever you grant us birth, grant us the association of enlightened persons and make us full of knowledge of all sciences, so that having acquired all knowledge, we may enjoy happiness.

As, the father is worthy of respect and worship for the descendants, similarly the chairman, the king for the subjects.
It is not possible to know God and the nature of the vehicles manufactured with the help of the arts and sciences without personal contact in the form of questions and answers with the learned persons of forgiving sweet nature, therefore men should always acquire such knowledge with the assistance of the wise.
The king who is the President of the Assembly should always preserve and guard all lawful people with the attributes of protection etc. of God and following Him with all noble virtues.
As students acquire knowledge from their teachers sincerely, in the same manner, O king, you should also discharge the duties of an administrator in accordance with the instructions of the persons who are true in thought, word and deed.
As a father protects, maintains, educates and gives necessary wealth to his children, in the same manner, a king should protect all his subjects and by proper and just distribution of wealth, according to their actions should reward and punish the people under him.
Those people of benevolent nature who being industrious are engaged in making others happy and performing Yajnas, are like the sun which gives happiness to all by its light. As the armour protects the fighting heroes from the onslaughts of the weapons, so the king and officers of the state should shield all righteous persons from all miseries.
When men sincerely desire to get the true path, then God creates in them love and desire to know the Truth from the association with noble persons. Then they being full of faith, having approached truly learned and truthful Yogis, acquire true knowledge and become righteous.
The President of the Assembly, when served by men with the acquisition of knowledge, the observance of the Dharma (rules of righteousness) and with love, urges upon them to discharge their duties properly.
Those persons who act righteously according to the Vedic teachings, become wise, intelligent and righteous. The righteous, good learned person whom they serve, makes them full of good knowledge and power.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta 30

1/24/2025

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As men dig a well first and by using its water for bathing, drinking and watering their fields and gardens, enjoy happiness, in the same manner, learned scientists derive happiness by using the fire in machines and putting water there in proper proportion and position and accomplishing many works with their conjunction and movement.
Agni in the form of the sun, electricity and material fire purifies substances in hundreds of ways and cooks thousands of articles speedily. As water goes to lower level, this fire goes upwards or downwards. Taking this contrast in mind and by placing fire below and water above it, by their conjunction through steam, speed and other qualities are produced.
As in the ocean, there is deep infinite water and there are many jewels and attributes, in the same way, in the fire, there are many attributes and there are many processes. Therefore, by the conjunction of the fire and water, men can take various benefits with labour.
As a pigeon approaches or follows his mate speedily, in the same manner, Agni (fire) when used scientifically, suitably benefits people. Men can learn this science of fire by listening to the teachings given by great scientists.
The Lord of all, the master of all the virtues stated in the Vedas, having special knowledge, having truth, opulence and doing justice appropriately, the councillor or commander is a learned scholar, He should be considered by us as a judge.
The true and false duties and non-duties of the commander and the chairman should also be properly decided by the order of the innermost God situated in the soul by a man positioned in meditation with true conduct. Without this one can never have the true understanding of the victory. Those who fight against the enemies by considering the omnipresent God as judge and as the righteous and the brave as the commander, they win definitely, not others.
Men should be friendly to one another and should preserve the articles already got and should get victory. They should take shelter in Almighty God and mighty commander in chief of the army. But merely by taking shelter in God or the Chief Commander of the army, the purpose cannot be served. But by knowledge and industriousness all this can be accomplished.
Where human beings serve the head of the assembly or army with true spirit, that chairman, along with his army's parts and gems, etc., is situated near him for protection. Without its help, truth, happiness and victory are not possible for anyone.
O man, I also invoke in right earnest God who creates many things and works from the eternal cause-Primordial matter whom your father or preceptor also invoked.
Men should desire to get the knowledge of and communion with this God Who is the Creator of the world, Adorable and Friend of all, the Support of the Universe, for no one can attain true knowledge without the teachings or sermons given by enlightened persons.
All men and women having mutual friendship should have communion with God and with industriousness should get the knowledge of Aryan (noble) system of administration, religious assembly and accomplishment of all dealings and works.
As the president of the Assembly or the Commander-in chief of an army who possesses the knowledge of all sciences and is the well-wisher of all, protects all his subjects, in the same manner, the people and soldiers of the army should always guard him.
According to the injunctions of the Vedas, young men and women should marry with mutual consent and of their own accord. After marriage, they should respect each other and should discharge their duties jointly. All of them should be engaged in meditation on God and acting according to His commandments, and according to the orders of good men and assemblies. It is not proper to behave in violation of these instructions on the part of any man or woman.
As the axle of the spokes even while moving stays in its own limit but takes the chariot far away, in the same way, you, O President of the Assembly, firm in your noble virtues, rules and regulations, control all.
As a King who is president of the council of ministers serves learned men and fulfils the desires of the students, in the same manner, the worship of God fulfils all the desires of righteous persons. Therefore, all men should adore God.
As God creates all animate and inanimate things and beings (moving and stationary) and gives happiness to all through them, in the same way, the heads of Assembly, army or judges should constantly gladden all subjects. All should believe that there is none else the Creator of the world, the Giver of the fruit of our actions and our Sovereign than one God and they should act accordingly.
A car or conveyance manufactured and driven by Ashvinau great artists and scientists can travel on the earth, the water and the sky. Therefore, such a conveyance should be accomplished soon.
Men can easily go to the end of the ocean with the steamers made with the proper combination of the fire, steam, water and machines. without such devices, it is not possible to reach the destination in fixed time.
Whatever conveyance is desired to be manufactured by artists for speedy transport, a group of machines and wheels below and mechanical wheel to move all machines should be placed above. When with its help water, fire, etc. are used, artists through its use can travel easily the route of earth, sea and the sky. This is quite certain.
Men should not waste a single moment from the time of their rising up in the morning till they go to bed. It is only such persons who know the value of time that can always enjoy happiness and not lazy men.
who know how to utilize the past, present and future times, can industriously accomplish all their works far and near. Therefore, a man should never waste a single moment.
The person who does not waste time in vain in routine, all his time is the one which accomplishes all the works.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 26 to 29

1/17/2025

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We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Highlights -
Righteous and learned, cause happiness by doing agreeable noble deeds. Learned persons are worshipped and they tell the means of attaining long life. The learned man acquires the knowledge or all sciences. In this world, there are three kinds of enjoyments, worlds and men which may be classified as the high, medium and low. A wise man should impart knowledge to all according to the level of their understanding and intellect.

Men should accomplish the works for happiness of self and others with the assistance of learned persons. He should learn attributes & properties of all the objects to accomplish the works. For attaining happiness, men should give up attachment and jealousy.

The officers of the state, should have two kinds of army, one mounted on cars and carriages and the other on foot. The armies should be trained well and made healthy and strong by proper use of the herbs and drugs (when necessary).

Men should keep away or remove the laziness of the body and the soul and should always endeavour to do noble deeds. The persons in power or who occupies the seat of justice should give due punish to the persons of stupid, adulterous and those who submit false and unjust evidence.

The hymn wise, purported explanations –

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 26

The Yajaman (performer of the Yajna) should select many learned persons and under their guidance, he should perform many works and thus attain happiness and give it to others. No one can accomplish any secular or spiritual work without the assistance of good and wise persons.
Men should accomplish all their good desires with the assistance of noble persons. Without association with such noble wise persons, none can enjoy happiness.
As a kind and loving father who causes happiness to his sons, as a friend causing happiness to his friends and a learned teacher to his students, all men should love one another and always put forth their united efforts for bringing about the welfare of all. This is the teaching given by God.
All men should behave in meetings as cultured and civilized men, experts in conducting assemblies do.
Men should have friendship with all other men and should become enlightened by receiving proper education and wisdom.
Men should have association with learned persons and know that whatever visible or invisible things exist in this world, are the products of the vast eternal cause-Mattoir.
As we deal with all in a friendly manner and others deal with us in the same way, so you should also do.
Men should try to know the properties or attributes of all the objects created by God in this world and accomplish their works.
Men cannot enjoy happiness unless they give up all attachment and jealousy and engage themselves in the performance of admirable acts with knowledge, education and industriousness. Then all men should obey the commands of God and bring about the welfare of all.
Men should tell their children that there is an eternal subtle causal force (Agni) from which electricity and other effects are produced and from them digestive fire and various other forms of fire are generated. All these forms of fire are upheld or sustained by the causal force. All the acts of fire are done with the help of the wind. Without fire and air, no substance in the world can be sustained.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 27

Just as a learned man is manifested in his kingdom by the virtues of his knowledge etc., in the same way the God is manifested everywhere by the virtues of omniscience et cetera.
As sons when well-trained, are righteous and learned, cause happiness to their parents by doing agreeable noble deeds, so this beneficial fire when utilized properly and methodically according to the scientific knowledge, accomplishes many pleasing tasks for us.
When God is worshipped, He protects us from our foes in battles and gives us long life. In the same way, a learned person when respectfully treated or worshipped, protects our aero planes etc. and tells us the means of attaining long life.
As you gave great delight to the great righteous and enlightened seers like Brahma and others by revealing in their souls Perfect Truth, reveal the same in our souls, so that being enlightened, we may always be engaged in doing the best righteous deeds.
Served by righteous and industrious persons, a learned man having acquired the knowledge or all sciences, should make them happy. In this world, there are three kinds of enjoyments, worlds and men which may be classified as the high, medium and low. A wise man should impart knowledge to all these persons according to the level of their understanding and intellect.

As the separate particles of the water of the sea become one or united when they reach the sky and as a learned wise person classifies all objects and reveals their knowledge in the souls of all men, why should we not do likewise?”
As God is the Protector, Creator and Supreme Director of His subjects from times immemorial, in the same manner, the man who worships Him-the Lord who is Omnipresent Protector from all sides and protects people, can never suffer and be defeated.
As not even a highly learned person can ever measure the power of the Infinite, Immeasurable and Inviolable God Whose Wisdom is Infallible, so only that man should be appointed as a ruler, who follows the Lord and obeys His commands.
He alone should be appointed as the commander of an army who takes people away from miseries, leads them to victory and is expert in the military science, being at the same time a righteous person.
No one can get knowledge of the science of archery, unless one hears the praise of such an expert archer. 'He alone can be the protector of the people who trains well those persons for the welfare of the subject who are of aggressive nature, destroying the strength of their foes.
God who is the Best, Infinite Support of all, Bestower of Bliss to His devotees, Lord of the wealth of wisdom is the Creator of the useful fire possessing many properties. May He prompt us to acquire pure wisdom and perform noble deeds.
As a rich learned person pleases all men with the enjoyment of wealth, listens to the requests and complaints of all, in the same manner, when God is pleased with true love, He listens to the glorification and gives happiness to all.
God commands that men should be free from all pride and respect all with food and other articles. One should have association with the learned and always respect them to the best of one's ability and power. They should never be censured.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 28

God preaches- “O men! All you need is a heavy stone to extract the essence and extract the essence of herbal medicines, etc., make such a pit and place it on the ground in such a way that it is slightly higher than the ground. So that the extraction of the essence and sapless husk of the grain is made in a good way, by placing the barley etc. in it, crush it with a pestle, which makes a sound.”
As men go about with the help of the things, in the same way, people should place one rock over the stone and the other over it for grinding. With their help, they should grind herbs and should eat them as prescribed. This should be the second means like the mortar and the pestle.
This art of the use of mortar which is essential for cooking and other domestic works must be learnt by house wives and be taught to others. Where cooking is done, mortar, pestle etc. should be placed there because without them powdering and grinding etc. is not possible.
O learned persons, as the sun binds the earth with gravitation or as a charioteer restrains horses with the reins, in the same manner, you should by the science of using the churning staff methodically take out the substance in the form of butter and juice from Milk and herbs.
In all houses, mortar should be properly used. As the heroic conquerors of their enemies sound the drum or trumpet and then fight bravely, in the same manner, the man who desires to extract the juice of herbs like the barley and others, should put them in the mortar, beat them with pestle, take away the husk and partake of the substance and essence.
When all plants and herbs are nourished by the wind, then men partake of their substance by putting them in the mortar and sip their juice also. Without it, the growth and nourishment of a substance is not possible.
As two horses which oat well draw a chariot, in the same manner. the mortar and pestle accomplish many works like dividing and grinding etc.
As mortar and pestle are made of the stone, they can also be made of wood, iron, brass, silver and gold etc. With them nicely made, the juice of the herbs may be extracted.
The officers of the state, should have two kinds of army, one mounted on cars and carriages and the other on foot. For them, they should keep ready good extract of nourishing herbs and arms and ammunitions. The armies should be trained well and made healthy and strong by proper use of the herbs and drugs (when necessary. By adopting such means good and vast Government on earth should be established.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 29

As men become unworthy or ignoble by becoming lazy, in the same way, even we become indolent sometimes make us again noble, industrious and virtuous, So that having acquired many elephants, horses and cows and feeding them well, we may become good by deriving benefit from them.
Men should pray to God in the following manner O, God, as you are the Kind Sovereign of the world and Dispenser of justice, in the same manner, make us good rulers of the land, truthful and wise accomplishers the Vedic knowledge, arts, crafts and industries.
Men should keep away or remove the laziness of the body and the soul and should always endeavour to do noble deeds.
We should always engage brave persons in our armies and they should always be kept satisfied and pleased, so that unrighteous enemies may sleep out of dread. Let them never be alert or awake, so that we may enjoy good and vast Government without any obstruction.
The president of the council of ministers who occupies the seat of justice should give due punishment to the person who is of as ass-like nature i.e. stupid and adulterous, speaking in a discordant manner and submitting false and unjust evidence. He should respect truthful and righteous persons. He should punish those who take away others' articles and arrange to give them to their real owners. We should also honour the person who observes the eternal law of these dispensers of justice.
Men should know that the wind that blows on all sides is mightier than the fire, having crooked course, the cause of the movement, growth and destruction of beasts and trees and the source of all activities and getting prosperity (which depends on health caused by pure air).
Men should pray to God in the following manner. O God, by casting aside all those foes of un-righteous conduct, bestow upon us all kinds of wealth and prosperity.

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 24 to 25

1/10/2025

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We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.

Highlights -
The hymns in these Suktas praise the glory of eternal, immortal, perfect, omnipresent, omnipotent and omniscient Supreme Being. The Supreme Being gives fruits of actions done by the souls and send back souls to earth, thus mentions about re-birth system. God give misery to an unrighteous person censuring other unjustly and happiness and knowledge to him who conducts himself according to the injunctions of Dharma. No one's sins can be destroyed without reaping the consequences.

Sun, Varuna, Prajapati, Savita and Indra are the attributes of God. Omniscient God is the Innermost Spirit of all and reveals the pure light, dispels the ignorance of the righteous persons.

Everyone should adore God and obey the commands of God as given in Vedas. Men should know thoroughly the properties of all the substances created by God and knowing their properties, one should continuously increase his life by taking help from Him.
Haughty persons who are of violent and malicious nature, cannot know the attributes of God and wise men on account of their ignorance. They cannot derive benefit from them. Therefore, men should try to imbibe and follow the merits, actions and nature of God and wise men. It is not possible to know God with the help of the arts and sciences without personal contact in the form of questions and answers with the learned persons of forgiving sweet nature, therefore men should always acquire such knowledge with the assistance of the wise.

The hymn wise, purported explanations –

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 24

Who is that God pervading immortal and eternal emancipated souls and Himself One Eternal Imperishable Supreme Being, the Resplendent Giver of Bliss whose auspicious name we may invoke and always remember? Who will send us-the liberated souls, back to the great earth that we may again behold our parents.
O men, we certainly believe in one eternal, Immortal God who is the dispense of the fruit of the good or bad actions done by us and according to Whose laws we get re-birth. You must also know that One God to be the Giver of Re-birth for, none else can do this work (of the dispensation of justice). It is He who gives birth to emancipated persons also through parents at the end of Mahakalpa-a very long period covering several millions of years.
Men should always adore God only who is the Illuminator of all, Creator of the whole world and Giver of all Bliss. One cannot get the real fruit of contemplation by worshipping anyone else. Therefore, a man should not worship anyone else in the place of God.
As I— God give misery to an unrighteous person censuring other unjustly and happiness and knowledge to him who conducts himself according to the injunctions of Dharma, so you should also behave.
Those who obey the commands of God, get His protections and possessing good wealth, become praiseworthy everywhere. Because, it is God alone Who gives fruit of actions done by the souls.
Because God is Omnipotent, none can measure or violate Him. These worlds move on, but God does not move for, He is Perfect. No one can attain to inviolable entire dominion by worshipping anyone else except God. Therefore, all should adore only God who is Infinite, Immeasurable and Imperishable. This should be known to all.
It is the rays of the sun that are above and below that are the cause of the creation of the cloud. The particles of water in the rays are not visible on account of their subtleness. In the same manner, the subtle particles of the air, fire and earth etc. are not visible, even though they are in the firmament.
The God, who has certainly made a big orbit for the journey of the great Sun, who illuminates it with the fuel of the air. All of which have their own peripheries in the public space. No world is associated with any other world, but all, being situated in space, move around on their respective peripheries. All these who are not able to leave their periphery and move here and there due to the attraction and holding power of God and air. Nor does it have any other possessor. Just as the Supreme Lord breaks the heart of an unrighteous speaker, so also the soul breaks the diseased heart. Why shouldn't that God be worthy of worship and to be associated closely, it should be known.
Men should associate themselves only with those rulers and subjects who are removers of all sins and diseases, who are upholders of the earth, are givers of good advice, are preventers of the unrighteous by giving support and strength to the righteous. No one's sins can be destroyed without reaping the consequences. But prayers, sermons and exertions are meant for the removal of those sins committed in the past, being committed at present and likely to be committed in the future.
In the first half of this Mantra, a question has been raised which has been answered by the latter half. When someone asks a learned person by whom have these constellations been made, who upholds them and where do they go in day time when they are visible at night? then he should answer the question in the following manner: - All these worlds are created and upheld by God who is called by the term of Varuna-the most acceptable and the Best. They have no light of their own, but they shine by the light of the sun. They do not go anywhere, but are not visible in day time being covered by the light of the sun. They are visible at night, illuminated by the rays of the sun. All these wonderful acts are of God.
Human beings should not disrespect the God and knowledge regarding the Sun in the Vedic manner. Always obey the commands of God. Knowing the properties of the substances created by Him, one should continuously increase his life by taking help from Him.
All men should thus believe and preach to others. We should keep ourselves away from all sins by accepting what God, the Vedas and the learned persons tell us and which I also determine with pure intellect. You should accept the same.
Men should know thoroughly the properties of all the objects made by God and should associate with them action, and knowledge. We must be just as God is. Those sinful acts which cause bondage must be cast aside and meritorious acts should always be performed by everyone.
Men should act in such a way that the sinful acts done by them may become loose by the enjoyment of their fruits and by the acquisition of knowledge. Men should also know that the fruits of actions trouble more an ignorant person than a man of wisdom.
It is only those persons who obey the commands of God (as given in the Vedas) and being pure keep themselves awa from all bonds of misery, attain abiding happiness and non-else. This hymn has connection with the previous hymn and here Prajapati, Savita and Varuna have been mentioned as the names and attributes of God. Here ends the 15th virga of the 2nd Chapter. Here ends the 24th Hymn of the 6th Anuvaka in the first Mandala.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 25

O God! Just as fathers etc., scholars and kings do compassion, justice and education on small, low-witted frantic children, in the same way you too should be our justice, compassion and education every day.
God commands. O men, do not indulge in putting an end to the life of a person for committing a fault through ignorance and do not be angry with a man who after committing a mistake, is, ashamed of it.
O God! As a charioteer ties his weary horse, so we bind Your knowledge and your love in our hearts with refined words of praises for the attainment of good happiness.
As birds when beaten (with stones), go away to distant places, in the same manner, let the persons indulging in anger, keep away from me and I keep away from them, so that let there be no change (for the worse) in our nature or habits and also loss of wealth.
Men should properly obey the commands of God and administer the vast Government which brings about the welfare of all, with justice.
As two happy players on the musical instruments produce pleasant sound by playing upon their instruments, in the same way, the air and the sun when utilized properly in machines produce nice sound by moving on all sides the oblation given by a learned person or the vehicles like the aero planes etc. manufactured by an expert scientist.
The person who is thoroughly well-versed in sciences, arts and industries is able to understand fully and give practical shape to the science of the vehicles that can be useful equally in firmament, earth and ocean as taught a by God through the Vedas.

As God being Omniscient knows this cycle of time which is the abode or basis of all, in the same manner, knowing the significance of the worlds and Time, no one should waste even the particle of a moment.
The person who knows that the wind is greater in measurement and properties than fire and other objects and is the support of all, knows its origin, the path of its going and coming and all the gross and subtle substances that are on the earth or in the air and after knowing them thoroughly, benefits from them and induces others to do the same, makes his life successful and becomes a distinguished scientist. This fact should be known to all.
As God is the Greatest Ruler of all, shining on account of His incomparable virtues, in the same way, a learned and righteous person who obeys the commands of God, being endowed with the strength of body and intellect is alone fit to rule over a vast empire and none else.
As God being Omnipresent and Omnipotent performs wonderful acts like the creation, sustenance and dissolution of the world knowing all the acts of men gives them the fruit of actions, in the same manner, he who having known the actions performed by his ancestors is always engaged in doing noble deeds to benefit all, being witness to and having done action, which bring about the welfare of all, can be just to all.
(1) May God who is Imperishable, Eternal and Omniscient keep us on the right path all our days and prolong our lives. (2) As God keeps us all our days on right path and prolongs our lives, in the same way, may a wise and just man who is brilliant like the sun keep us all our days in right path and prolong our lives by giving us proper instructions.
Omniscient God being the Innermost Spirit of all, revealing the pure light, dispels the sleep or ignorance of the righteous persons. In the same way; the sun dispels the darkness of the night. As God upholds all by His Omnipresence, the sun also sustains all by its attractive power.
Those haughty persons who are of violent and malicious nature, cannot know the attributes of God and wise men on account of their ignorance. They cannot derive benefit from them. Therefore, men should try to imbibe and follow the merits, actions and nature of God and wise men.
Why should not men always adore that God who has given complete glory and food to mankind and whose glory is manifest in all living and non-living or inanimate objects.
Men should know that as the kine running to the best of their power, become tired when they reach their destination, in the same way, when men search after the attributes according to their power and intellect of God, and of the sun etc. and having known to some extent according to their capacity, get tired because the intellect and the power of the body of every man in limited and cannot be unlimited. As birds flying in the sky do not get its end, similarly none can get the end of knowledge.
As a priest and the performer of a Yajna (Non-violent sacrifice) accomplish Yajna lovingly and jointly, in the same manner, the teacher and the taught should manifest all sciences jointly and lovingly. All men should endeavour to attain happiness, bearing in mind the idea of increasing their knowledge and wisdom.
Because it is not possible to know God with the help of the arts and sciences without personal contact in the form of questions and answers with the learned persons of forgiving sweet nature, therefore men should always acquire such knowledge with the assistance of the wise.
As Omniscient God gives true Happiness to His devotees after being glorified by them with true love, learned wise men should also do like that.
As God who shiniest over heaven and earth and all the world at all times, listens to our prayers, so O wise man, you should also do and respond to our call.
As righteous persons engaging themselves in doing good to others and being enlightened pray to God and He releasing them from all misery and bondage makes them happy, why should we not do also like that?

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Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 37 to 39

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 36

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 35

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 34

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 33

February 07th, 2025

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 31

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta 30

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 26 to 29

Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 24 to 25

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