Rigveda – Mandala 1, Sukta – 62 & 63

We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.
 
Highlights –
The learned persons should gain delight in praising, praying and meditating upon the Almighty. They should behave in friendly manner with all, discharge their duties with utmost care and spread good qualities, happiness & knowledge.
 
The heads of institutions / assembly should remove injustice, destroy wicked, provide wealth, do welfare and protect their associates / people. They should set an example by their good conduct and gladden all by their knowledge and other virtues, by creating physical & spiritual force in all and by spreading knowledge, righteousness and fearlessness.
 
The hymn wise, purported explanations –
 
Mandala 1 – Sukta – 62

1. As men enjoy happiness by glorifying the Lord, by praying to Him and by meditating upon Him, in the same manner, they should attain secular and spiritual delight by taking shelter in the President of the Assembly etc.
2. As learned persons bring about the welfare of all beings, worshipping God and treading upon the path of Dharma which is in accordance with the Vedas, cosmic natural laws and Pratyaksha and other means of perception, so you should also do.
3. Men should always enjoy happiness, by behaving lovingly with the subjects like mothers, by manifesting knowledge and other virtues like the sun dispelling all darkness of ignorance, by remaining firm in the policy taught by God through the Vedas and followed by learned persons and by doing good to all.
4. As the lightning creates the cloud and does other useful work with its good attributes, in the same manner, the President of the Assembly should remove all injustice by diffusing the light of knowledge and justice with the assistance of the best learned and mighty persons and should rule over a vast State by destroying or keeping away the wicked.
5. The evils should be eradicated by human beings by illuminating their good qualities like the rays of the dawn Sun and like life-breath itself. Just as the Sun, by spreading its light, creates clouds and causes rain, in the same way, we should shower happiness among the people by creating good knowledge.
6. Men should perform noble actions like the Yajnas, should protect the kingdom or State and should shower good reputation in all directions.
7. Men should uphold justice and knowledge as the President of the Assembly etc. maintains wealth or as the sun upholds the heaven and earth.
8. As day and night revolve like the wheels being associated with each other, so should the married couple behave with mutual love.
9. As day and night are causers of sap and growth or decay of all objects being friendly to all creatures, in the same way, learned persons should deal with all in a friendly manner.
10. As husbands get happiness by serving (looking to the needs of their wives, as sisters get delight by serving their brothers and preceptors get knowledge by serving their pupils, in the same manner, those righteous and learned persons who always are firmly engaged in discharging their duties, attain emancipation even if they dwell at home.
11. As children are born with the co-habitation of the husband and wife, in the same manner, all dealings are produced with the combination of the day and night and the association of the light of the sun and the shadow of the earth. It is impossible to have progeny without the cohabitation (coitus) of the husband and wife.
12. He should be known to be a righteous person who acquires knowledge from the eternal Vedas and being the President of the Assembly etc. protects his subjects well.
13. Chairman of the Assembly etc. should provide new wealth and food every day for the benefit of human beings. Just as life-breath brings happiness, similarly everyone should be made happy.

 
Mandala 1 – Sukta – 63

1. Men should always adore God who by His Power and energy creates all the Universe and upholds it. The sun that upholds the earth and other worlds by his attraction and other attributes is also created and sustained by God. This is what all people should know.
2. The President of the Assembly or the Commander of the Army should have such temperament, character and conduct that by following his example, all people should become good and should enjoy un-interruptedly the happiness of the kingdom well.
3. It is not possible to defeat enemies and administer a State properly without the aid of the President of the Assembly and the Commander of the Army. Therefore, these things should be done by the people under their guidance and with their help.
4. As the sun gladdens all by his light and is the cause of rain by producing the cloud and as he illumines all by dispelling darkness, in the same manner, the President of the Assembly should shine in his kingdom by gladdening all by his knowledge and other virtues, by creating physical and spiritual force in all and by raining down knowledge Dharma (righteousness) and fearlessness and by setting aside all un-righteousness, darkness (of ignorance) and enemies.
5. It is the duty of the President of the Assembly and the Chief Commander of the Army to create love among the people of the State and the army along with aversion towards unrighteous foes and then to demolish all wicked persons as the sun demolishes all clouds.
6. Men should accomplish all their righteous act with the help of God and the President of the Assembly.
7. As the sun disperses the cloud for the welfare of all beings, in the same manner, the President of the Assembly should bring about the welfare of all.
8. As food and water satisfy all beings by removing hunger and thirst, the same manner, the President of the Assembly should make people, happy and contented.
9. As electricity supports this universe in the form of the sun and other luminaries, in the same manner, the President of the Assembly etc. should make people endowed with admirable wealth.