We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.
 
Highlights –
These mandalas stress on importance of Vedic Chants, singing glory of God and actions needed for happiness.
 
Vedic Chants of praise and hymns magnify the power, speech full of wisdom and truth. When the men exert themselves diligently & optimistically and do good to others, it increases wealth and happiness. Men should rise up early in the morning, try to acquire knowledge and perform yajna with the pure articles. This brings about happiness & vitality, purify air and eradicate diseases.
Truthfulness, knowledge and observance of Vedic guidelines dispel all the darkness of his ignorance and nourishes both body & soul.
The hymn wise, purported explanations –
 
Mandala 1 – Sukta - 5

1. One who desire to become praise worthy, they all should sit together & meditate (on life, divinity, humanity, science and spirituality, and freedom), and sing the glory of God, master the Knowledge of electricity and Vayu (Air) and enjoy happiness.
2. The word Indra denotes here both God as Lord of the Universe and Dispenser of justice according to the good or bad actions of the people and air. God is to be glorified and the air which is the cause of the sustenance of all creatures and should be properly utilized for the benefit of all.
3. God helps those who are industrious and not lazy fellows. The air also is made useful for various purposes by industriousness. No one can increase his wealth without exerting himself. No one can attain true happiness without God and air. Therefore, all men should become diligent and optimistic.

1. So long as men are not devoted to the Almighty God and do not become mighty themselves, they do not get the power of weakening un-righteous enemies.
2. It is God who out of Kindness, creates this world for giving fruits of the actions performed by the souls. It is that absolutely Pure God Who purifies the world and the souls through the sun and the air. But only those persons who make proper use of them and are industrious in acquiring virtues themselves and prompt others also to do so, become pure and happy.
3. Unless you engage yourself in doing good to others having become old in knowledge (erudite) and experienced, you will not be a true man and will not attain the best happiness. Therefore, you should be industrious and righteous.
4. God blesses a righteous soul. He who becomes learned and engages himself in doing good to others, is always industrious. It is only then, that taking advantage of those objects he makes others happy, none else can enjoy true happiness.
5. Vedic Chants of praise and hymns magnify the power, speech full of wisdom and truth.
6. God gives power to all to work. Having attained strength, may we exert ourselves for bringing about the welfare of and happiness to all.
7. The only object of our devotion is that our fellow-brothers bear no malice towards us. May mortal men never hurt us. Keep us away from all adversaries.

Mandala 1 – Sukta - 6

1. Those persons who are in communion with Omnipresent God, who is Great are kind and non-violent in their hearts knowing all animate and inanimate objects, shine in Resplendent God. Those who know the real nature of the sun and the prana, shine. They become glorious.
2. Harness the two attributes of the sun or the fire in the form of attraction and speed, making proper use of them in various kinds of conveyances for travelling on earth, in water and the sky, which are means of motion, carrying people far away.
3. Men should get up early in the morning (before the dawn) by giving up all idleness, should exert themselves for dispelling ignorance and poverty, should acquire the knowledge of God & Science and get the proper benefit out of all objects.

1. After the heat of the sun, the winds bear the water-carrying form. Before the rain, the winds (monsoons) are full of watery vapours.
2. As men carry things and put them in proper places, so the sun scatters his rays with his force and attains (touches) all objects. Then he pierces them and with the winds that break down things, he places them in the middle region.
3. As learned persons who desire to become enlightened truthful people, make their great intellect full of the knowledge of all objects which bring about happiness. The ears which listen to the teachings of the Vedas, in the same manner, the winds possessing great speed and other qualities, accomplish well the proper use of all powers of the sciences and arts enabling them in every way.
4. God has created and sustained the sun, the air and other objects of the universe by His immanence and Power. Among these various objects, all shine with the sustaining power, attraction and light of the sun and the air.
5. Yajna, which brings about happiness and protection, performed with the oblation of the pure articles put in the fire through the purification of the air and the rays drives away diseases and makes all beings vigorous and happy.
6. The air which is the cause of all dealings of the speech, going everywhere taking things from this place to that, raises the drops of water from the earth, carries them upwards and then along with the light of the sun or the clouds, it rains down water on earth. All objects are based upon this air which dwells within and outside.
7. The rays of the sun pierce the objects like water etc. on the earth and make them subtle, so that they go upwards along with the air but solar world is the greatest among the worlds.
   

 Mandala 1 – Sukta - 7

1. Men should ponder over the meanings of the Vedic Mantras, should understand the real nature & attributes of God, the sun and the air and then should exert themselves for the welfare of all, by utilizing all objects properly.
2. As this air which is mixed up with all objects, unites its properties of removing and taking which are instrumental in all dealings of the speech, in the same way, the shining sun which possesses heat and is the cause of making the year, unites its property of taking and removing with all things. (The sun dispels darkness and spreads light).
3. Indra (the solar energy or wind energy), the bond of unity and sustenance in things, co-existent synthesis of equal and opposite complementarities of positive and negative, activate speech and the light of the day and the year. Just as by the combination of air, speech, hearing, etc., and all things move, arrive, hold and touch, so also the combination of the Sun causes light and piercing of objects. The Sun is the cause of periods like seconds, minutes, hour, days, months and years.
4. God Who is the Creator and Lord of the world has placed the sun on high in the sky, so that people may see well all objects with his rays. The sun draws the water of the oceans up, keeps it there through the air and then takes it below. That is the cause of the rain.

1. It is the nature of God to bestow His favour on the godly men and not on the lazy ones. Therefore, those men who protect the kingdom by winning great wars with the help of virtuous bodies and souls, free from partiality and sacrificing laziness, they are happy having attained great fortune.
2. By means of Sun and wind, rain etc. accomplishes the utmost happiness of the world. In the same way, men also should properly utilize sun-light and pure air in order to get strength and victory.
3. The man who firmly sticks to truth, knowledge and the command of God, that Inner Most Spirit dispels all the darkness of his ignorance, so that he never goes astray from the path of righteousness and exertion.
4. Human Beings are not capable of knowing the end of the qualities of God. Because God is of infinite qualities and infinite powers, but as much as one is capable of taking favour from those things, one should take it in every way.
5. Only human beings can attain God, because they are in the nature of increasing knowledge. And righteousness is the nature of men of knowledge to attain God. And the Sun which God has created and established in the orbit. The sun also is able to attract the worlds nearby. He revolves on his own axis.
6. God alone Who is the Supreme Ruler of all, the Inner most Omnipresent Spirit, Giver of all wealth (internal and external) un-paralleled, only One, the Creator of the world attracting all towards Himself, should be worshipped by all as Adorable. That unfortunate person who regards anyone else as Adorable in the place of one God, always suffers and becomes miserable.
7. One should not regard anyone else as Adorable instead of God because there is none else who is the Lord of the Universe. Anyone who regards many Gods is to be considered as ignorant.

  
Mandala 1 – Sukta - 8

1. All human beings should take shelter of the Almighty Inner-dweller God and with all their efforts should keep the progress of knowledge, wealth and army etc., which increase the joy in every way, so that they themselves and all living beings may be happy.
2. Those who are devoted to God should always be protected by the righteous and they should crush the ignoble wicked persons by developing their physical and spiritual power, so that unrighteous enemies may disappear.
3. Men should take shelter in God and Dharma (righteousness), should be strong in body and develop their soul force through wisdom, possessing full war-materials, mutual friendship and unity, zeal and other good qualities, should enjoy happiness by defeating the un-righteous enemies.
4. There are two types of braveries, one is the nourishment of the body and the other is the nourishment of the soul combined with knowledge and righteousness. Knowing the works of God's creation from these two, having justice, patience, good nature and best qualities by concerted efforts etc., one should always maintain the kingdom with management and keep the evil enemies at bay.
5. One should thank the eternal powerful God for the victory over the wicked enemies affected by Him, by men, warriors and warriors of the nature of righteous warfare. Therefore, human beings should always progress and develop the state without being proud.
6. The heroes should engage themselves in battles with unrighteous foes and persons endowed with genius and desirous of acquiring and spreading special or scientific knowledge, should train children.
7. As God has created the ocean which is the cause of storing the water and rain, so the Prana is the cause of speech. In the same manner, God has made the sun cause of the earth's light and gravitation as well as of taking the juice of herbs, plants etc. By these i. e. the ocean, Prana and the sun, many purposes are accomplished.
8. As trees like the mangoes, Jack fruit etc. with their flowers and fruits are very beneficial, in the same manner, the Vedas revealed by God are givers of great knowledge of various sciences, of delight and bliss. It is only great scholars who can reveal their truths to others for their benefit.
9. Those righteous persons who are industrious and benefactors of others, having fully protected riches of all kinds are respected everywhere.

Just as the Creator is praised after seeing the special creation of good things in this world, similarly thanks are given to God after seeing the most famous and not-so-best materials and special creations of the world.

We shall discuss the hymns, Sukta wise & Mandala wise. Our focus is on the implicit meaning of the various hymns instead of literal translations of the hymns. These purported meanings are based primarily on the English translations by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati of the works done by Swami Dayanand Saraswati.
 
Highlights -
The hymns under Sukta 1 glorifies the Agni or fire and its significance. It represents the energy in all forms, whether material (mechanical, electrical, nuclear, sound etc.) or non-material (thoughts).  Agni is useful for various arts and crafts. By worshipping Him, we too shall rejoice in prosperity and the possession of true knowledge.
 
The hymns under Sukta 2, 3 & 4 praises the Sun and air. The God has created the sun and the air to uphold and give light to all the objects of universe. The enlightened men who like the sun are dispellers of the darkness of ignorance and strong men are like the wind. Such men get wealth (material and spiritual) soon.
 
As the sun and the air are respectively illuminer and nourisher of all objects such as plants in the universe, so are the soul and the Prana residing in the body, cause the growth or development of juice of the essential ingredients of the body and with their actions and intelligence accomplish their objects and reap the fruit of the deeds done by them.
 
The Vayu or Air is in the universe and Prana inside the body. It is the means of eating, drinking, taking, evacuation and distribution of essential ingredients in the body. It is this that nourishes, develops and causes decay at the end. All men should have pure speech which is full of all knowledge and possessing practical wisdom born of all sciences, efficient to lead to action and doing good to all.
 
Righteous learned persons accomplish their works by the attainment of noble virtues like knowledge and others. Only that learned person acquires wealth and is victorious who makes un-righteous weak or powerless and having controlled his senses, obeys God's commands.
 
The hymn wise, purported explanations –

​Mandala 1 – Sukta – 1 -

1. The term “Agni” should here be taken to connote the idea of the Omnipotent and Omniscient God and not material fire. Agni the Self-effulgent Lord is the Protector of the vows of the enlightened persons. The vow that enlightened wise men observe is the vow of practicing truthfulness in thought, word and deed.
2. The thermic energy (Agni) being the plier of conveyances to their destinations and quick in motion is called the quick carrier of transport.
3. By fervent adoration of God who is Self-effulgent Supreme Being, a devotee obtains from Him day by day such excellent possessions as impart happiness through the strengthening of body, mind and soul possessions which bring great fame and include the strongest, the bravest and the most accomplished children and other relations. The word Agni used in the Mantra also stands for fire, heat and electricity etc. by properly using which for personal benefit, a man obtains much material wealth and fame by utilizing it for charitable purposes.
4. The Yajnas sanctioned by the Veda are non-violent and they alone are acceptable to God.
5. Agni (fire, heat, electricity etc.) is created by God and possesses wonderful divine attributes which are useful for various arts and crafts. A learned but righteous and industrious man alone deserves to have these advantages and none else. 
6. God is the Dispenser of Justice, the kind Friend and well-wisher of all. It is only by meditating on Him that the human soul attains happiness in this world and in the next. God is called Angirah, because He is the very Life of all worlds and as Inner Self of all beings is Life of our life.
7. we approach God Day and night with our intellects and good actions, so that He shall bless us with the light of true knowledge.
8. The Supreme Being is untainted by the shortcomings of decay and ignorance, teaching the path of truth to all soul sand remains in His state of Pure Absolute existence and Perfect Bliss. By worshipping Him, we too shall rejoice in prosperity and the possession of true knowledge.
9. All persons should make an effort and pray in the following manner. O Almighty God, kindly protect us and ever engage us in good works, be kind to us and grant us the grace to lead noble lives.

Mandala 1 – Sukta - 2

1. God creates all the objects of the world and decorates them (so to speak). In the same manner, air also protects universe. Without air, none can be sustained and protected. God listens to the earnest prayer of the soul, being the Innermost Soul of all. It is with the help of the air that a living being can hear sound.
2. God is to be glorified and the properties of the air are to be described for the benefit of all.
3. The attributes of God and the air have been described, in this Verse. It is said, “O Lord of cosmic vitality, your inspiring voice resounds all through the thoughts and feelings of your devotees, the preceptors of your divine wisdom, who have tasted the sweetness of your favours.”
4. In this Mantra, it is mentioned which are the objects to be obtained and how they are obtained. Because Yajnas producing water with various activities and all attainable enjoyments shine on account of the sun and the air and when they come.
5. The God has created the sun and the air to uphold and give light to all the objects of universe. The enlightened men who like the sun are dispellers of the darkness of ignorance and strong men are like the wind. Such men get wealth (material and spiritual) soon.
6. As the sun and the air are respectively illuminer and nourisher of all objects such as plants in the universe, so are the soul and the Prana residing in the body, cause the growth or development of juice of the essential ingredients of the body and with their actions and intelligence accomplish their objects and reap the fruit of the deeds done by them. But the God is the Upholder or Sustainer of all.
7. As on account of the sun and the air, the water goes to the sky from oceans and it causes rain preserving and protecting all, in the same way, the Prana and Apana (Inhalation & Exhalation) also preserve and protect the body.
8. Mitra and Varuna are created by God. They are augmenters of truth and water and causes of establishing contact with God. By virtue of the divine law, Mitra and Varuna, sun and pranic energy, both extend the operation of the natural law of cosmic evolution and inspire the human intelligence to reach unto divine realisation. They both pervade and energize the mighty yajna of the expanding universe.
9. The Mitra and Varuna are givers of happiness. They maintain strength and accomplish many deeds.

Mandala 1 – Sukta – 3

1. It is said about the Ashvinau that with their help, one can travel very far on earth and also in the sky through the conveyances like aero planes etc. It is clear that by Ashvinau here fire and water are meant.
2. Those who desire to acquire proficiency in art and industry, should make experiments with hands utilizing the water and Agni (fire, electricity etc.) properly.
3. When you will make full and proper use of the Ashvinau (water and fire etc.) which affect the Prana or Vital breath, whose attributes are true and destroyers of miseries, and which are instrumental in quick movement of various conveyances, then you will attain material happiness in this world.
4. Indra stands both for God and the sun whose glory is shining everywhere. It is they that give light to all. All should use them properly for spiritual and secular purposes.
5. People should try to have the realization of God who is the First Efficient Cause or Origin of the Universe, with intellect and wisdom. Without it, He cannot be attained by anyone.
6. People should know that this Vayu (air in the universe and Prana inside the body) is the means of eating, drinking, taking, evacuation and distribution of essential ingredients in the body. It is this that nourishes, develops and causes decay at the end.
7. All learned people whether they are in one place like a school or going from place to place to make ignorant people learned, so that all may always enjoy happiness, possessing knowledge, righteousness, good education and good deeds.
8. One should never show any kind of sloth or laziness in diffusing the light of good knowledge, action and meditation.
9. One should be always givers of knowledge and happiness to all persons, being free from violence and malice, possessing vast learning and being engaged in good deeds.
10. All men should have pure speech which is full of all knowledge and possessing practical wisdom born of all sciences, efficient to lead to action and doing good to all.
11. It is only the science and true speech of the learned persons who are pure in thought, word and deed, which is full of all knowledge and devoid of all deceit that can give true knowledge to the people.
12. As the ocean of water when shaken by the wind and illuminated by the sun along with its waves gives out many useful gems and jewels, in the same way, the Vedic speech which enlightens the words used in the Vedas and present in the sky and the sermons of enlightened persons gives true and accurate knowledge and intellect to the people.

Mandala 1 – Sukta - 4

1. As a good milch-cow is procured for the man who desires milk, in the same way, righteous learned persons accomplish their works by the attainment of noble virtues like knowledge and others, through the communion with God.
2. The sun with its rays is the protector of all objects in this world and the source of joy to the soul. Besides Sun, bliss of the Lord is the giver of the knowledge.
3. When people receive education and instruction by sitting at the feet of the righteous scholars, they do not wander hither and thither. They enjoy happiness by acquiring the knowledge of all objects from the earth up to God.
4. It is the duty of all persons to know who is a highly learned wise man devoted to God and engaged in doing good to others. Then they should approach him and by the way of questions and answers, they should get all their doubts dispelled. But they should not associate themselves with those persons who are devoid of knowledge and should not believe in what they say.
5. Let those persons who are devoted to God and who are established (Well-versed) in all sciences and firm in the performance of righteous acts and Labor, deliver discourses to us. But let those persons who are devoid of knowledge, who are in the habit of censuring others unjustly and who are wicked hypocrites, go away from our residence and also from all places i. e. let not un-righteous persons remain anywhere.
6. When all persons having given up animosity, become engaged in doing good to others, then even enemies are turned into friends, because then God's Grace and His abiding bliss are attained by all.
7. God shows kindness only towards an industrious person and not towards the lazy. Why? because unless a man exerts himself fully, he cannot even protect or preserve things got by the Grace of God. Therefore, men should desire or pray for the Grace of God after exerting themselves fully, becoming industrious.
8. God helps or supports only righteous fighters and not others. So, you should also destroy all diseases and wicked enemies and should protect a brave righteous person, who is engaged in waging war against unrighteous foes.
9. Only that learned person acquires wealth and is victorious who makes un-righteous weak or powerless and having controlled his senses, obeys God's commands.
10. Always worship that Great God who being merciful is the Protector, Accomplisher and Giver of wealth (both material in the form of gold etc. and spiritual in the form of Wisdom). A man should not rest content only with the glorification of God, but should obey God's commands and refrain from doing un- righteous deeds, knowing that God sees all. He Should desire God's help and be engaged in doing noble actions.

The Vedas enshrine the cosmic vision of ancient Hindu Scientists and epitomise the living legacy of divine inspiration, intuition and insight. The glory of Vedas is universal and timeless. The Vedas are the word of God.
Vedas are the oldest scriptures of this universe. These contain cosmic wisdom to make life healthy and happy. God gave instructions through the Vedas with the object of imparting all-true knowledge for the benefit of all souls. For the achievement of both spiritual and physical knowledge, both the significations viz. God and fire should be taken. Vedas gives true and accurate knowledge and intellect to the people.
The mantras of Vedas are three dimensional viz. first dimension – praise of the Vedic gods to gain material & spiritual wealth in turn Supreme God; second dimension – for nourishment of the human body by balancing prana, energy etc.; third dimension – elucidate the hidden characteristics of universe.  
The Supreme Being who has absolute Existence, Absolute consciousness and Absolute Bliss. The Vedas teach monotheism of the purest type. Supreme Being-God is One, He is called by various names such as Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Agni, Yama, Matarishva etc. to denote His different attributes.
Sri Aurobindo and Swami Dayanand Saraswati are the two philosophers, scholars and reformists of Hinduism who enlightened this world about Vedas and their true significance in modern times.
Sri Aurobindo, while writing on Sanatana Dharma, says: ―I seek not science, not religion, not Theosophy, but Veda—the truth about Brahman. Swami Dayanand Saraswati has deeply probed the hidden meanings of various Suktas of Vedas.

​Classification of Vedas –
There are four Vedas - the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and the Atharvaveda. Each Veda has four subdivisions.

1. Samhitas are the prayers for the wishes through mantras and benedictions.
2. Brahmanas are commentaries on and explanation of proper methods and meaning of Vedic Samhita rituals in the four Vedas, ceremonies and sacrifices – Yajnas.
3. Aranyaka (forest books) are the manual of rituals, ceremonies, sacrifices and symbolic-sacrifices, and
4. Upanishads are texts discussing meditation, philosophy and spiritual knowledge.

The Samhitas and Brahmanas describe about daily rituals and are generally meant for Brahmacharya and Grihastha stages, while the Aranyaka and Upanishads are meant for the Vanaprastha and Sannyasa stages, respectively.

Rigveda, the Veda of Knowledge –
Rigveda Samhita is the composition of verses, called as Rik, meaning praise. These verses have 10 mandalas (books) which are generally composed by single rishi family. These mandalas have 1028 suktas (chapters). These suktas have10552 mantras (hymns). These mandalas are composed by different rishi families based on divine inspirations.
 
Rigveda praises several gods like Agni, Indra, Maruts and others. However, they are not, like the Greek gods, separate and independent individuals in conflict with one another. They are all different aspects of one and the same Supreme Being which has been declared in several places.
 
The Rigveda also describes the several infinitely good and great qualities of God like:

• God possess many attributes including:
  1. Omnipotence
  2. Rulership
  3. Omniscience,
  4. Transcendence
  5. Extraordinary brilliance
  6. Having a cosmic form
  7. Being the inner controller
  8. Incomparability
• He is the greatest friend and protector of his devotees.
• He is very generous and fulfils all their desires.
• He is supremely adorable.

 
In Rigveda, the Mantras are indicative. The There is Upamalankar or simile used is the Mantras. The following meanings / implications of various mantras of Rigveda are based on translations of commentaries of Swami Dayananda Saraswati done by Swami Dharmanand Saraswati or by Dr. Krishnakant Vedic Shastri.
 
Rigveda is threefold –

1. Shaakala – Shaakala Samhita, Aitareya Brahmana, Aitareya Aranyaka & Aitareya Upanishad.
2. Baashkala – Kaushitaki Samhita, Kaushitaki Brahmana, Kaushitaki Aranyaka and Kaushitaki Upanishad.
3. Sankhayana – Sankhayana Samhita, Sankhayana Brahmana, Sankhayana Aranyaka and Sankhayana Upanishad.

 
Yajurveda, the Veda of Karma or Sacrifice –
Yajurveda is the guide book for Hindu priests for Yajna or Havan. It also preaches the concepts of Manas and Prana. The various ritual mantras in the Yajurveda Samhitas are typically set in a meter, and call on Vedic deities such as the Savita (Sun), Indra, Agni, Prajapati, Rudra and others. Many of the practices outlined in the Yajurveda continue to be observed in contemporary Hindu worship and temple rituals. The oldest layer of Yajurveda has 1875 verses mostly taken up from Rigveda.
 
The metres are classified based on the syllables present in each pada of the mantras. There are seven major Vedic metres. These are: Gayatri, Ushnik, Anushtubh, Brihati, Pankti, Tristubh, and Jagati.
 
Yajus harnesses the mind, Savita; creating thoughts and perceiving light, brought Agni from the earth. With the mind harnessed, we are instigated by God Savita, for strength to go to heaven.
 
The Yajurveda is twofold – Shukla and Krishna.

1. Shukla White) Yajurveda – It has clear demarcation of Mantras & Brahmanas. It is twofold –
   1. Madhyandina - Vajasneyi Samhita, Madhyandina Shatapatha & Kanva Shatapatha Brahmanas; Shatapatha Aranyaka; Brihadaranyaka Upanishad.
   2. Kanva - Kanva Samhita, Kanva Shatapatha Brahmana & Aranyaka; Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (different from above).
2. Krishna (Dark) Yajurveda – It has mixture Mantras & Brahmanas. It is threefold –
   1. Taittiriya – Taittiriya Samhita, Taittiriya Brahmana, Taittiriya Aranyaka and Taittiriya Upanishad.        
   2. Maitrayani – Maitrayani Samhita, Maitrayani Brahmana, Maitrayani Aranyaka and Maitrayani Upanishad.
   3. Kaṭha (Caraka) - Kaṭha Samhita, Satadhyaya Brahmana, Kaṭha Aranyaka and Shevtashevatara & Katha Upanishads.

 
Atharvaveda –
The Atharva Veda has been a primary source for information about Vedic culture, the customs and beliefs as well as those associated with kings and governance. The text also includes hymns dealing with the two major rituals of passage – marriage and cremation. The term “Athrva” refers to the name of a group of ancient priests associated with the Vedic rituals. It provides valuable insights into various aspects of life, including philosophy, spirituality, healing, and social customs.
It is a collection of 730 hymns with about 6,000 mantras, divided into 20 books. The Brahmanas in the Atharvaveda includes Atharva Samhita, Gopatha Brahmana. It has three Upanishads - Mundaka Upanishad, Mandukya Upanishad and Prashna Upanishad.
Samaveda, the Veda of Bhakti –
Divine verses and hymns tuned and put into musical chants, popularly known as Samans and collection is known as Samaveda. It consists of 1875 mantras.
 
The influence of Samaveda extends beyond the realm of religious rituals. It has played a pivotal role in shaping the rich heritage of Indian classical music. The melodic patterns, ragas (musical scales), and intricate rhythms found in Indian classical music have their roots in the chants and melodies of Samaveda.
 
The Samaveda is twofold –

1. Kauthuma-Ranayaniya – Samhita, Panchavimsha Brahmana, Chandogya Upanishad.
2. Jaiminiya or Talavakara – Jaiminiya Brahmana, Jaiminiya Aranyaka and Kena Upanishads.   

 
Up-Veda, the applied knowledge –
The four Vedas – Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda, have technical works – Medicine (Ayurveda), Archary (Dhanur Veda), Music & Sacred Dance (Gandharva Veda) and Economics (Artha shastra) respectively.